Our resident sexologist Jamie Bucirde talks about the importance of sexual health knowledge for World Sexual Health day.

Yesterday, September 4, was World Sexual Health Day! This is a Sexologists’ Christmas morning, so strap in (metaphorically) as I jump at this opportunity to talk about the importance of sexual health and the importance of education.

Coincidentally, it’s also Women’s Health Week, which means we have a plethora of information to get through. In a world that’s more connected and open than ever, sexual health isn’t just a personal matter, it’s a cultural one. With the rapid changes in how we talk about sex, relationships, and health, it’s crucial to stay informed and understand the broader landscape. As we celebrate World Sexual Health Day, let’s dive into some of the key areas of sexual health and why knowledge truly is power.

Consent: The cornerstone of sexual health

Consent isn’t just a buzzword; it’s the foundation of any healthy sexual relationship. Yet startling statistics show that many people still hold outdated and harmful beliefs. For instance, 10 per cent of Australians believe that if a woman is raped while intoxicated, she is at least partly responsible. Even more troubling, 50 per cent of Australian adults don’t fully understand what constitutes consent.

While 70 per cent of Australians acknowledge that conversations about consent have evolved, there’s still a significant gap in understanding. Many people are conflicted about their ability to define consent and struggle to discuss it openly. This confusion perpetuates harmful myths, such as the idea that sexual violence can’t occur within an intimate relationship or that women “invite” assault through their behaviour. It’s clear that we have a long way to go in ensuring everyone understands that consent must be explicit, enthusiastic, and ongoing.

Sexual orientation: A spectrum of identity

Today’s sexual landscape is more diverse than ever, with fewer people identifying strictly as heterosexual. The recent Body, Mind and Soul Sex Census revealed that a growing number of Australians describe their sexual orientation using terms like queer, demisexual, pansexual, and more. Only 66 per cent of respondents identified as heterosexual, indicating a shift towards greater acceptance and visibility of diverse sexual identities. This fluidity in sexual orientation underscores the importance of inclusive sexual education that acknowledges and respects all identities. As we broaden our understanding of sexuality, it’s essential to ensure that everyone has access to information and support that reflects their experiences.

In a surprising turn on politics this month, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) and the Australian Labor Government initially removed questions on sexual orientation, gender identity, and variations in sex characteristics from the 2026 ABS Census – the biggest and most credible data collection survey on Australian culture. However, following significant public backlash and advocacy from LGBTQIA+ groups, the Labor government reversed its decision, reinstating these critical questions.

The inclusion of this data is crucial for fair representation and informed policy-making. This underscores how political manoeuvres can be used to marginalise communities, highlighting the ongoing challenges faced by the LGBTQIA+ population in seeking equal recognition. Remember, how we react to political choices matters, and we should always be aware of who we vote for and how that affects our access to sexual health support.

Contraception: A basic yet overlooked necessity

Despite the wealth of information available, contraception remains an area where many Australians are still falling short. Shockingly, 1 in 4 Australians don’t use contraception. This statistic is particularly concerning given the significant role contraception plays in preventing unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

This lack of contraception use may be linked to gaps in sexual education. A survey from Curtin University in WA found that many young women have alarming gaps in their knowledge about their own reproductive health. Over 60 per cent of respondents confused basic anatomy (confusing the vulva with the vagina), and less than 9 per cent understood the timing of ovulation. This highlights the ongoing need for comprehensive sexual education that empowers people to make informed decisions about their reproductive health.

The orgasm gap: bridging the divide

The orgasm gap is a stark reminder of the disparities that still exist in sexual satisfaction. Research shows that during heterosexual encounters, 95 per cent of men usually or always orgasm, compared to just 65 per cent of women. This gap isn’t due to biological differences; rather, it’s a reflection of the societal norms and expectations that prioritise male pleasure. Interestingly, women tend to orgasm more when alone or with other women, suggesting that the gap is more about context than capability. In fact, 92 per cent of women report orgasming when pleasuring themselves, compared to much lower rates during partnered sex. Addressing the orgasm gap requires open conversations about pleasure, consent, and equality in sexual relationships.

Sexual health progress: From HIV to gender-affirming care

Australia is making significant strides in sexual health, particularly in the fight against HIV & AIDS. According to the University of Kirby Institute, HIV diagnoses have decreased by a third over the past decade, thanks to advances in prevention and treatment. This progress brings us closer to the end of AIDS in Australia, a remarkable achievement in public health.

In addition to HIV, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of gender-affirming care. The regret rate for gender-affirming treatment is just 1 per cent, which is lower than the regret rates for many other medical procedures, including knee replacements and plastic surgery. To compare, 10 per cent of people regret having kids, 12 per cent regret getting tattoos and 50 per cent regret getting student loans. The overall rate of regretting surgery is 10 per cent, compared to the 1 per cent for gender-affirming care. This statistic highlights the importance of respecting and supporting individuals’ choices in their healthcare, particularly in the context of gender identity.

Empowerment through education

As we navigate the complexities of sexual health in 2024, one thing remains clear: knowledge is power. Whether it’s understanding consent, exploring sexual orientation, using contraception, or addressing the orgasm gap, staying informed is crucial. By fostering a culture of openness, respect, and education, we can ensure that everyone has the tools they need to lead healthy, fulfilling sexual lives.

So, let’s keep the conversation going. After all, the more we know, the better equipped we are to create a society where sexual health is truly valued and respected.

Want to get tested or learn more about your sexual health in Adelaide? Here are some great organisations that offer free and accessible testing and support:

1. Shine SA
   Shine SA supports your sexual and reproductive health and relationship well-being in a safe and inclusive space. They offer comprehensive clinical services including their General Practice service.SHINE SA Hyde Street Practice
   General Practice / Sexual Health Physician / Rapid HIV Testing / Sexual and Reproductive Health Services GP and Specialist
   7099 5320SHINE SA Woodville
   Sexual and Reproductive Health Services / Counselling / Sexual Health Clinic
   8300 5300
2. The Adelaide sexual health clinic
   Adelaide Sexual Health Centre (ASHC), formerly Clinic 275, provides a free and confidential specialist sexual health service for South Australia.
   Call them on (08) 7117 2800 to make an appointment.
3. Visit your local GP to ask for an STI screening and blood test (don’t forget to ask for oral swabs too)

Stay safe and stay sexy!

Jamie Bucirde has a postgraduate degree in sexology from Curtin University. Her advice is of a general nature and should be taken in the spirit of the column.